blob: 25fc46e872142a11692e3b44402cab89ca644fb3 [file] [log] [blame]
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
* linux/mm/memory.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994 Linus Torvalds
*/
/*
* demand-loading started 01.12.91 - seems it is high on the list of
* things wanted, and it should be easy to implement. - Linus
*/
/*
* Ok, demand-loading was easy, shared pages a little bit tricker. Shared
* pages started 02.12.91, seems to work. - Linus.
*
* Tested sharing by executing about 30 /bin/sh: under the old kernel it
* would have taken more than the 6M I have free, but it worked well as
* far as I could see.
*
* Also corrected some "invalidate()"s - I wasn't doing enough of them.
*/
/*
* Real VM (paging to/from disk) started 18.12.91. Much more work and
* thought has to go into this. Oh, well..
* 19.12.91 - works, somewhat. Sometimes I get faults, don't know why.
* Found it. Everything seems to work now.
* 20.12.91 - Ok, making the swap-device changeable like the root.
*/
/*
* 05.04.94 - Multi-page memory management added for v1.1.
* Idea by Alex Bligh (alex@cconcepts.co.uk)
*
* 16.07.99 - Support of BIGMEM added by Gerhard Wichert, Siemens AG
* (Gerhard.Wichert@pdb.siemens.de)
*
* Aug/Sep 2004 Changed to four level page tables (Andi Kleen)
*/
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched/mm.h>
#include <linux/sched/coredump.h>
#include <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/hugetlb.h>
#include <linux/mman.h>
#include <linux/swap.h>
#include <linux/highmem.h>
#include <linux/pagemap.h>
#include <linux/memremap.h>
#include <linux/ksm.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/export.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/pfn_t.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/memcontrol.h>
#include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
#include <linux/swapops.h>
#include <linux/elf.h>
#include <linux/gfp.h>
#include <linux/migrate.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/debugfs.h>
#include <linux/userfaultfd_k.h>
#include <linux/dax.h>
#include <linux/oom.h>
#include <linux/numa.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <trace/events/kmem.h>
#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/mmu_context.h>
#include <asm/pgalloc.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <asm/tlb.h>
#include <asm/tlbflush.h>
#include "pgalloc-track.h"
#include "internal.h"
#if defined(LAST_CPUPID_NOT_IN_PAGE_FLAGS) && !defined(CONFIG_COMPILE_TEST)
#warning Unfortunate NUMA and NUMA Balancing config, growing page-frame for last_cpupid.
#endif
#ifndef CONFIG_NUMA
unsigned long max_mapnr;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(max_mapnr);
struct page *mem_map;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(mem_map);
#endif
/*
* A number of key systems in x86 including ioremap() rely on the assumption
* that high_memory defines the upper bound on direct map memory, then end
* of ZONE_NORMAL. Under CONFIG_DISCONTIG this means that max_low_pfn and
* highstart_pfn must be the same; there must be no gap between ZONE_NORMAL
* and ZONE_HIGHMEM.
*/
void *high_memory;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(high_memory);
/*
* Randomize the address space (stacks, mmaps, brk, etc.).
*
* ( When CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK=y we exclude brk from randomization,
* as ancient (libc5 based) binaries can segfault. )
*/
int randomize_va_space __read_mostly =
#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT_BRK
1;
#else
2;
#endif
#ifndef arch_faults_on_old_pte
static inline bool arch_faults_on_old_pte(void)
{
/*
* Those arches which don't have hw access flag feature need to
* implement their own helper. By default, "true" means pagefault
* will be hit on old pte.
*/
return true;
}
#endif
#ifndef arch_wants_old_prefaulted_pte
static inline bool arch_wants_old_prefaulted_pte(void)
{
/*
* Transitioning a PTE from 'old' to 'young' can be expensive on
* some architectures, even if it's performed in hardware. By
* default, "false" means prefaulted entries will be 'young'.
*/
return false;
}
#endif
static int __init disable_randmaps(char *s)
{
randomize_va_space = 0;
return 1;
}
__setup("norandmaps", disable_randmaps);
unsigned long zero_pfn __read_mostly;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(zero_pfn);
unsigned long highest_memmap_pfn __read_mostly;
/*
* CONFIG_MMU architectures set up ZERO_PAGE in their paging_init()
*/
static int __init init_zero_pfn(void)
{
zero_pfn = page_to_pfn(ZERO_PAGE(0));
return 0;
}
early_initcall(init_zero_pfn);
void mm_trace_rss_stat(struct mm_struct *mm, int member, long count)
{
trace_rss_stat(mm, member, count);
}
#if defined(SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING)
void sync_mm_rss(struct mm_struct *mm)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < NR_MM_COUNTERS; i++) {
if (current->rss_stat.count[i]) {
add_mm_counter(mm, i, current->rss_stat.count[i]);
current->rss_stat.count[i] = 0;
}
}
current->rss_stat.events = 0;
}
static void add_mm_counter_fast(struct mm_struct *mm, int member, int val)
{
struct task_struct *task = current;
if (likely(task->mm == mm))
task->rss_stat.count[member] += val;
else
add_mm_counter(mm, member, val);
}
#define inc_mm_counter_fast(mm, member) add_mm_counter_fast(mm, member, 1)
#define dec_mm_counter_fast(mm, member) add_mm_counter_fast(mm, member, -1)
/* sync counter once per 64 page faults */
#define TASK_RSS_EVENTS_THRESH (64)
static void check_sync_rss_stat(struct task_struct *task)
{
if (unlikely(task != current))
return;
if (unlikely(task->rss_stat.events++ > TASK_RSS_EVENTS_THRESH))
sync_mm_rss(task->mm);
}
#else /* SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING */
#define inc_mm_counter_fast(mm, member) inc_mm_counter(mm, member)
#define dec_mm_counter_fast(mm, member) dec_mm_counter(mm, member)
static void check_sync_rss_stat(struct task_struct *task)
{
}
#endif /* SPLIT_RSS_COUNTING */
/*
* Note: this doesn't free the actual pages themselves. That
* has been handled earlier when unmapping all the memory regions.
*/
static void free_pte_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, pmd_t *pmd,
unsigned long addr)
{
pgtable_t token = pmd_pgtable(*pmd);
pmd_clear(pmd);
pte_free_tlb(tlb, token, addr);
mm_dec_nr_ptes(tlb->mm);
}
static inline void free_pmd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, pud_t *pud,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling)
{
pmd_t *pmd;
unsigned long next;
unsigned long start;
start = addr;
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
do {
next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(pmd))
continue;
free_pte_range(tlb, pmd, addr);
} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
start &= PUD_MASK;
if (start < floor)
return;
if (ceiling) {
ceiling &= PUD_MASK;
if (!ceiling)
return;
}
if (end - 1 > ceiling - 1)
return;
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, start);
pud_clear(pud);
pmd_free_tlb(tlb, pmd, start);
mm_dec_nr_pmds(tlb->mm);
}
static inline void free_pud_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, p4d_t *p4d,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling)
{
pud_t *pud;
unsigned long next;
unsigned long start;
start = addr;
pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
do {
next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
continue;
free_pmd_range(tlb, pud, addr, next, floor, ceiling);
} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
start &= P4D_MASK;
if (start < floor)
return;
if (ceiling) {
ceiling &= P4D_MASK;
if (!ceiling)
return;
}
if (end - 1 > ceiling - 1)
return;
pud = pud_offset(p4d, start);
p4d_clear(p4d);
pud_free_tlb(tlb, pud, start);
mm_dec_nr_puds(tlb->mm);
}
static inline void free_p4d_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb, pgd_t *pgd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling)
{
p4d_t *p4d;
unsigned long next;
unsigned long start;
start = addr;
p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
do {
next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
if (p4d_none_or_clear_bad(p4d))
continue;
free_pud_range(tlb, p4d, addr, next, floor, ceiling);
} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
start &= PGDIR_MASK;
if (start < floor)
return;
if (ceiling) {
ceiling &= PGDIR_MASK;
if (!ceiling)
return;
}
if (end - 1 > ceiling - 1)
return;
p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, start);
pgd_clear(pgd);
p4d_free_tlb(tlb, p4d, start);
}
/*
* This function frees user-level page tables of a process.
*/
void free_pgd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
unsigned long next;
/*
* The next few lines have given us lots of grief...
*
* Why are we testing PMD* at this top level? Because often
* there will be no work to do at all, and we'd prefer not to
* go all the way down to the bottom just to discover that.
*
* Why all these "- 1"s? Because 0 represents both the bottom
* of the address space and the top of it (using -1 for the
* top wouldn't help much: the masks would do the wrong thing).
* The rule is that addr 0 and floor 0 refer to the bottom of
* the address space, but end 0 and ceiling 0 refer to the top
* Comparisons need to use "end - 1" and "ceiling - 1" (though
* that end 0 case should be mythical).
*
* Wherever addr is brought up or ceiling brought down, we must
* be careful to reject "the opposite 0" before it confuses the
* subsequent tests. But what about where end is brought down
* by PMD_SIZE below? no, end can't go down to 0 there.
*
* Whereas we round start (addr) and ceiling down, by different
* masks at different levels, in order to test whether a table
* now has no other vmas using it, so can be freed, we don't
* bother to round floor or end up - the tests don't need that.
*/
addr &= PMD_MASK;
if (addr < floor) {
addr += PMD_SIZE;
if (!addr)
return;
}
if (ceiling) {
ceiling &= PMD_MASK;
if (!ceiling)
return;
}
if (end - 1 > ceiling - 1)
end -= PMD_SIZE;
if (addr > end - 1)
return;
/*
* We add page table cache pages with PAGE_SIZE,
* (see pte_free_tlb()), flush the tlb if we need
*/
tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
pgd = pgd_offset(tlb->mm, addr);
do {
next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
continue;
free_p4d_range(tlb, pgd, addr, next, floor, ceiling);
} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
}
void free_pgtables(struct mmu_gather *tlb, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long floor, unsigned long ceiling)
{
while (vma) {
struct vm_area_struct *next = vma->vm_next;
unsigned long addr = vma->vm_start;
/*
* Hide vma from rmap and truncate_pagecache before freeing
* pgtables
*/
unlink_anon_vmas(vma);
unlink_file_vma(vma);
if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma)) {
hugetlb_free_pgd_range(tlb, addr, vma->vm_end,
floor, next ? next->vm_start : ceiling);
} else {
/*
* Optimization: gather nearby vmas into one call down
*/
while (next && next->vm_start <= vma->vm_end + PMD_SIZE
&& !is_vm_hugetlb_page(next)) {
vma = next;
next = vma->vm_next;
unlink_anon_vmas(vma);
unlink_file_vma(vma);
}
free_pgd_range(tlb, addr, vma->vm_end,
floor, next ? next->vm_start : ceiling);
}
vma = next;
}
}
int __pte_alloc(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd)
{
spinlock_t *ptl;
pgtable_t new = pte_alloc_one(mm);
if (!new)
return -ENOMEM;
/*
* Ensure all pte setup (eg. pte page lock and page clearing) are
* visible before the pte is made visible to other CPUs by being
* put into page tables.
*
* The other side of the story is the pointer chasing in the page
* table walking code (when walking the page table without locking;
* ie. most of the time). Fortunately, these data accesses consist
* of a chain of data-dependent loads, meaning most CPUs (alpha
* being the notable exception) will already guarantee loads are
* seen in-order. See the alpha page table accessors for the
* smp_rmb() barriers in page table walking code.
*/
smp_wmb(); /* Could be smp_wmb__xxx(before|after)_spin_lock */
ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
if (likely(pmd_none(*pmd))) { /* Has another populated it ? */
mm_inc_nr_ptes(mm);
pmd_populate(mm, pmd, new);
new = NULL;
}
spin_unlock(ptl);
if (new)
pte_free(mm, new);
return 0;
}
int __pte_alloc_kernel(pmd_t *pmd)
{
pte_t *new = pte_alloc_one_kernel(&init_mm);
if (!new)
return -ENOMEM;
smp_wmb(); /* See comment in __pte_alloc */
spin_lock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
if (likely(pmd_none(*pmd))) { /* Has another populated it ? */
pmd_populate_kernel(&init_mm, pmd, new);
new = NULL;
}
spin_unlock(&init_mm.page_table_lock);
if (new)
pte_free_kernel(&init_mm, new);
return 0;
}
static inline void init_rss_vec(int *rss)
{
memset(rss, 0, sizeof(int) * NR_MM_COUNTERS);
}
static inline void add_mm_rss_vec(struct mm_struct *mm, int *rss)
{
int i;
if (current->mm == mm)
sync_mm_rss(mm);
for (i = 0; i < NR_MM_COUNTERS; i++)
if (rss[i])
add_mm_counter(mm, i, rss[i]);
}
/*
* This function is called to print an error when a bad pte
* is found. For example, we might have a PFN-mapped pte in
* a region that doesn't allow it.
*
* The calling function must still handle the error.
*/
static void print_bad_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pte_t pte, struct page *page)
{
pgd_t *pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
p4d_t *p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
pud_t *pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
pmd_t *pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
struct address_space *mapping;
pgoff_t index;
static unsigned long resume;
static unsigned long nr_shown;
static unsigned long nr_unshown;
/*
* Allow a burst of 60 reports, then keep quiet for that minute;
* or allow a steady drip of one report per second.
*/
if (nr_shown == 60) {
if (time_before(jiffies, resume)) {
nr_unshown++;
return;
}
if (nr_unshown) {
pr_alert("BUG: Bad page map: %lu messages suppressed\n",
nr_unshown);
nr_unshown = 0;
}
nr_shown = 0;
}
if (nr_shown++ == 0)
resume = jiffies + 60 * HZ;
mapping = vma->vm_file ? vma->vm_file->f_mapping : NULL;
index = linear_page_index(vma, addr);
pr_alert("BUG: Bad page map in process %s pte:%08llx pmd:%08llx\n",
current->comm,
(long long)pte_val(pte), (long long)pmd_val(*pmd));
if (page)
dump_page(page, "bad pte");
pr_alert("addr:%px vm_flags:%08lx anon_vma:%px mapping:%px index:%lx\n",
(void *)addr, vma->vm_flags, vma->anon_vma, mapping, index);
pr_alert("file:%pD fault:%ps mmap:%ps readpage:%ps\n",
vma->vm_file,
vma->vm_ops ? vma->vm_ops->fault : NULL,
vma->vm_file ? vma->vm_file->f_op->mmap : NULL,
mapping ? mapping->a_ops->readpage : NULL);
dump_stack();
add_taint(TAINT_BAD_PAGE, LOCKDEP_NOW_UNRELIABLE);
}
/*
* vm_normal_page -- This function gets the "struct page" associated with a pte.
*
* "Special" mappings do not wish to be associated with a "struct page" (either
* it doesn't exist, or it exists but they don't want to touch it). In this
* case, NULL is returned here. "Normal" mappings do have a struct page.
*
* There are 2 broad cases. Firstly, an architecture may define a pte_special()
* pte bit, in which case this function is trivial. Secondly, an architecture
* may not have a spare pte bit, which requires a more complicated scheme,
* described below.
*
* A raw VM_PFNMAP mapping (ie. one that is not COWed) is always considered a
* special mapping (even if there are underlying and valid "struct pages").
* COWed pages of a VM_PFNMAP are always normal.
*
* The way we recognize COWed pages within VM_PFNMAP mappings is through the
* rules set up by "remap_pfn_range()": the vma will have the VM_PFNMAP bit
* set, and the vm_pgoff will point to the first PFN mapped: thus every special
* mapping will always honor the rule
*
* pfn_of_page == vma->vm_pgoff + ((addr - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
*
* And for normal mappings this is false.
*
* This restricts such mappings to be a linear translation from virtual address
* to pfn. To get around this restriction, we allow arbitrary mappings so long
* as the vma is not a COW mapping; in that case, we know that all ptes are
* special (because none can have been COWed).
*
*
* In order to support COW of arbitrary special mappings, we have VM_MIXEDMAP.
*
* VM_MIXEDMAP mappings can likewise contain memory with or without "struct
* page" backing, however the difference is that _all_ pages with a struct
* page (that is, those where pfn_valid is true) are refcounted and considered
* normal pages by the VM. The disadvantage is that pages are refcounted
* (which can be slower and simply not an option for some PFNMAP users). The
* advantage is that we don't have to follow the strict linearity rule of
* PFNMAP mappings in order to support COWable mappings.
*
*/
struct page *vm_normal_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pte_t pte)
{
unsigned long pfn = pte_pfn(pte);
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL)) {
if (likely(!pte_special(pte)))
goto check_pfn;
if (vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->find_special_page)
return vma->vm_ops->find_special_page(vma, addr);
if (vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP))
return NULL;
if (is_zero_pfn(pfn))
return NULL;
if (pte_devmap(pte))
return NULL;
print_bad_pte(vma, addr, pte, NULL);
return NULL;
}
/* !CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL case follows: */
if (unlikely(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP))) {
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP) {
if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
return NULL;
goto out;
} else {
unsigned long off;
off = (addr - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (pfn == vma->vm_pgoff + off)
return NULL;
if (!is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags))
return NULL;
}
}
if (is_zero_pfn(pfn))
return NULL;
check_pfn:
if (unlikely(pfn > highest_memmap_pfn)) {
print_bad_pte(vma, addr, pte, NULL);
return NULL;
}
/*
* NOTE! We still have PageReserved() pages in the page tables.
* eg. VDSO mappings can cause them to exist.
*/
out:
return pfn_to_page(pfn);
}
#ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
struct page *vm_normal_page_pmd(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pmd_t pmd)
{
unsigned long pfn = pmd_pfn(pmd);
/*
* There is no pmd_special() but there may be special pmds, e.g.
* in a direct-access (dax) mapping, so let's just replicate the
* !CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL case from vm_normal_page() here.
*/
if (unlikely(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP))) {
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP) {
if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
return NULL;
goto out;
} else {
unsigned long off;
off = (addr - vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (pfn == vma->vm_pgoff + off)
return NULL;
if (!is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags))
return NULL;
}
}
if (pmd_devmap(pmd))
return NULL;
if (is_huge_zero_pmd(pmd))
return NULL;
if (unlikely(pfn > highest_memmap_pfn))
return NULL;
/*
* NOTE! We still have PageReserved() pages in the page tables.
* eg. VDSO mappings can cause them to exist.
*/
out:
return pfn_to_page(pfn);
}
#endif
static void restore_exclusive_pte(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
struct page *page, unsigned long address,
pte_t *ptep)
{
pte_t pte;
swp_entry_t entry;
pte = pte_mkold(mk_pte(page, READ_ONCE(vma->vm_page_prot)));
if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(*ptep))
pte = pte_mksoft_dirty(pte);
entry = pte_to_swp_entry(*ptep);
if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*ptep))
pte = pte_mkuffd_wp(pte);
else if (is_writable_device_exclusive_entry(entry))
pte = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(pte), vma);
set_pte_at(vma->vm_mm, address, ptep, pte);
/*
* No need to take a page reference as one was already
* created when the swap entry was made.
*/
if (PageAnon(page))
page_add_anon_rmap(page, vma, address, false);
else
/*
* Currently device exclusive access only supports anonymous
* memory so the entry shouldn't point to a filebacked page.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(!PageAnon(page));
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)
mlock_vma_page(page);
/*
* No need to invalidate - it was non-present before. However
* secondary CPUs may have mappings that need invalidating.
*/
update_mmu_cache(vma, address, ptep);
}
/*
* Tries to restore an exclusive pte if the page lock can be acquired without
* sleeping.
*/
static int
try_restore_exclusive_pte(pte_t *src_pte, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long addr)
{
swp_entry_t entry = pte_to_swp_entry(*src_pte);
struct page *page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
if (trylock_page(page)) {
restore_exclusive_pte(vma, page, addr, src_pte);
unlock_page(page);
return 0;
}
return -EBUSY;
}
/*
* copy one vm_area from one task to the other. Assumes the page tables
* already present in the new task to be cleared in the whole range
* covered by this vma.
*/
static unsigned long
copy_nonpresent_pte(struct mm_struct *dst_mm, struct mm_struct *src_mm,
pte_t *dst_pte, pte_t *src_pte, struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma,
struct vm_area_struct *src_vma, unsigned long addr, int *rss)
{
unsigned long vm_flags = dst_vma->vm_flags;
pte_t pte = *src_pte;
struct page *page;
swp_entry_t entry = pte_to_swp_entry(pte);
if (likely(!non_swap_entry(entry))) {
if (swap_duplicate(entry) < 0)
return -EIO;
/* make sure dst_mm is on swapoff's mmlist. */
if (unlikely(list_empty(&dst_mm->mmlist))) {
spin_lock(&mmlist_lock);
if (list_empty(&dst_mm->mmlist))
list_add(&dst_mm->mmlist,
&src_mm->mmlist);
spin_unlock(&mmlist_lock);
}
rss[MM_SWAPENTS]++;
} else if (is_migration_entry(entry)) {
page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
rss[mm_counter(page)]++;
if (is_writable_migration_entry(entry) &&
is_cow_mapping(vm_flags)) {
/*
* COW mappings require pages in both
* parent and child to be set to read.
*/
entry = make_readable_migration_entry(
swp_offset(entry));
pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
if (pte_swp_soft_dirty(*src_pte))
pte = pte_swp_mksoft_dirty(pte);
if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pte))
pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(pte);
set_pte_at(src_mm, addr, src_pte, pte);
}
} else if (is_device_private_entry(entry)) {
page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
/*
* Update rss count even for unaddressable pages, as
* they should treated just like normal pages in this
* respect.
*
* We will likely want to have some new rss counters
* for unaddressable pages, at some point. But for now
* keep things as they are.
*/
get_page(page);
rss[mm_counter(page)]++;
page_dup_rmap(page, false);
/*
* We do not preserve soft-dirty information, because so
* far, checkpoint/restore is the only feature that
* requires that. And checkpoint/restore does not work
* when a device driver is involved (you cannot easily
* save and restore device driver state).
*/
if (is_writable_device_private_entry(entry) &&
is_cow_mapping(vm_flags)) {
entry = make_readable_device_private_entry(
swp_offset(entry));
pte = swp_entry_to_pte(entry);
if (pte_swp_uffd_wp(*src_pte))
pte = pte_swp_mkuffd_wp(pte);
set_pte_at(src_mm, addr, src_pte, pte);
}
} else if (is_device_exclusive_entry(entry)) {
/*
* Make device exclusive entries present by restoring the
* original entry then copying as for a present pte. Device
* exclusive entries currently only support private writable
* (ie. COW) mappings.
*/
VM_BUG_ON(!is_cow_mapping(src_vma->vm_flags));
if (try_restore_exclusive_pte(src_pte, src_vma, addr))
return -EBUSY;
return -ENOENT;
}
if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
pte = pte_swp_clear_uffd_wp(pte);
set_pte_at(dst_mm, addr, dst_pte, pte);
return 0;
}
/*
* Copy a present and normal page if necessary.
*
* NOTE! The usual case is that this doesn't need to do
* anything, and can just return a positive value. That
* will let the caller know that it can just increase
* the page refcount and re-use the pte the traditional
* way.
*
* But _if_ we need to copy it because it needs to be
* pinned in the parent (and the child should get its own
* copy rather than just a reference to the same page),
* we'll do that here and return zero to let the caller
* know we're done.
*
* And if we need a pre-allocated page but don't yet have
* one, return a negative error to let the preallocation
* code know so that it can do so outside the page table
* lock.
*/
static inline int
copy_present_page(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
pte_t *dst_pte, pte_t *src_pte, unsigned long addr, int *rss,
struct page **prealloc, pte_t pte, struct page *page)
{
struct page *new_page;
/*
* What we want to do is to check whether this page may
* have been pinned by the parent process. If so,
* instead of wrprotect the pte on both sides, we copy
* the page immediately so that we'll always guarantee
* the pinned page won't be randomly replaced in the
* future.
*
* The page pinning checks are just "has this mm ever
* seen pinning", along with the (inexact) check of
* the page count. That might give false positives for
* for pinning, but it will work correctly.
*/
if (likely(!page_needs_cow_for_dma(src_vma, page)))
return 1;
new_page = *prealloc;
if (!new_page)
return -EAGAIN;
/*
* We have a prealloc page, all good! Take it
* over and copy the page & arm it.
*/
*prealloc = NULL;
copy_user_highpage(new_page, page, addr, src_vma);
__SetPageUptodate(new_page);
page_add_new_anon_rmap(new_page, dst_vma, addr, false);
lru_cache_add_inactive_or_unevictable(new_page, dst_vma);
rss[mm_counter(new_page)]++;
/* All done, just insert the new page copy in the child */
pte = mk_pte(new_page, dst_vma->vm_page_prot);
pte = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(pte), dst_vma);
if (userfaultfd_pte_wp(dst_vma, *src_pte))
/* Uffd-wp needs to be delivered to dest pte as well */
pte = pte_wrprotect(pte_mkuffd_wp(pte));
set_pte_at(dst_vma->vm_mm, addr, dst_pte, pte);
return 0;
}
/*
* Copy one pte. Returns 0 if succeeded, or -EAGAIN if one preallocated page
* is required to copy this pte.
*/
static inline int
copy_present_pte(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
pte_t *dst_pte, pte_t *src_pte, unsigned long addr, int *rss,
struct page **prealloc)
{
struct mm_struct *src_mm = src_vma->vm_mm;
unsigned long vm_flags = src_vma->vm_flags;
pte_t pte = *src_pte;
struct page *page;
page = vm_normal_page(src_vma, addr, pte);
if (page) {
int retval;
retval = copy_present_page(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_pte, src_pte,
addr, rss, prealloc, pte, page);
if (retval <= 0)
return retval;
get_page(page);
page_dup_rmap(page, false);
rss[mm_counter(page)]++;
}
/*
* If it's a COW mapping, write protect it both
* in the parent and the child
*/
if (is_cow_mapping(vm_flags) && pte_write(pte)) {
ptep_set_wrprotect(src_mm, addr, src_pte);
pte = pte_wrprotect(pte);
}
/*
* If it's a shared mapping, mark it clean in
* the child
*/
if (vm_flags & VM_SHARED)
pte = pte_mkclean(pte);
pte = pte_mkold(pte);
if (!userfaultfd_wp(dst_vma))
pte = pte_clear_uffd_wp(pte);
set_pte_at(dst_vma->vm_mm, addr, dst_pte, pte);
return 0;
}
static inline struct page *
page_copy_prealloc(struct mm_struct *src_mm, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long addr)
{
struct page *new_page;
new_page = alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, vma, addr);
if (!new_page)
return NULL;
if (mem_cgroup_charge(new_page, src_mm, GFP_KERNEL)) {
put_page(new_page);
return NULL;
}
cgroup_throttle_swaprate(new_page, GFP_KERNEL);
return new_page;
}
static int
copy_pte_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
pmd_t *dst_pmd, pmd_t *src_pmd, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end)
{
struct mm_struct *dst_mm = dst_vma->vm_mm;
struct mm_struct *src_mm = src_vma->vm_mm;
pte_t *orig_src_pte, *orig_dst_pte;
pte_t *src_pte, *dst_pte;
spinlock_t *src_ptl, *dst_ptl;
int progress, ret = 0;
int rss[NR_MM_COUNTERS];
swp_entry_t entry = (swp_entry_t){0};
struct page *prealloc = NULL;
again:
progress = 0;
init_rss_vec(rss);
dst_pte = pte_alloc_map_lock(dst_mm, dst_pmd, addr, &dst_ptl);
if (!dst_pte) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
src_pte = pte_offset_map(src_pmd, addr);
src_ptl = pte_lockptr(src_mm, src_pmd);
spin_lock_nested(src_ptl, SINGLE_DEPTH_NESTING);
orig_src_pte = src_pte;
orig_dst_pte = dst_pte;
arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
do {
/*
* We are holding two locks at this point - either of them
* could generate latencies in another task on another CPU.
*/
if (progress >= 32) {
progress = 0;
if (need_resched() ||
spin_needbreak(src_ptl) || spin_needbreak(dst_ptl))
break;
}
if (pte_none(*src_pte)) {
progress++;
continue;
}
if (unlikely(!pte_present(*src_pte))) {
ret = copy_nonpresent_pte(dst_mm, src_mm,
dst_pte, src_pte,
dst_vma, src_vma,
addr, rss);
if (ret == -EIO) {
entry = pte_to_swp_entry(*src_pte);
break;
} else if (ret == -EBUSY) {
break;
} else if (!ret) {
progress += 8;
continue;
}
/*
* Device exclusive entry restored, continue by copying
* the now present pte.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(ret != -ENOENT);
}
/* copy_present_pte() will clear `*prealloc' if consumed */
ret = copy_present_pte(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_pte, src_pte,
addr, rss, &prealloc);
/*
* If we need a pre-allocated page for this pte, drop the
* locks, allocate, and try again.
*/
if (unlikely(ret == -EAGAIN))
break;
if (unlikely(prealloc)) {
/*
* pre-alloc page cannot be reused by next time so as
* to strictly follow mempolicy (e.g., alloc_page_vma()
* will allocate page according to address). This
* could only happen if one pinned pte changed.
*/
put_page(prealloc);
prealloc = NULL;
}
progress += 8;
} while (dst_pte++, src_pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
spin_unlock(src_ptl);
pte_unmap(orig_src_pte);
add_mm_rss_vec(dst_mm, rss);
pte_unmap_unlock(orig_dst_pte, dst_ptl);
cond_resched();
if (ret == -EIO) {
VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(!entry.val);
if (add_swap_count_continuation(entry, GFP_KERNEL) < 0) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
entry.val = 0;
} else if (ret == -EBUSY) {
goto out;
} else if (ret == -EAGAIN) {
prealloc = page_copy_prealloc(src_mm, src_vma, addr);
if (!prealloc)
return -ENOMEM;
} else if (ret) {
VM_WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
}
/* We've captured and resolved the error. Reset, try again. */
ret = 0;
if (addr != end)
goto again;
out:
if (unlikely(prealloc))
put_page(prealloc);
return ret;
}
static inline int
copy_pmd_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
pud_t *dst_pud, pud_t *src_pud, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end)
{
struct mm_struct *dst_mm = dst_vma->vm_mm;
struct mm_struct *src_mm = src_vma->vm_mm;
pmd_t *src_pmd, *dst_pmd;
unsigned long next;
dst_pmd = pmd_alloc(dst_mm, dst_pud, addr);
if (!dst_pmd)
return -ENOMEM;
src_pmd = pmd_offset(src_pud, addr);
do {
next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (is_swap_pmd(*src_pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(*src_pmd)
|| pmd_devmap(*src_pmd)) {
int err;
VM_BUG_ON_VMA(next-addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE, src_vma);
err = copy_huge_pmd(dst_mm, src_mm, dst_pmd, src_pmd,
addr, dst_vma, src_vma);
if (err == -ENOMEM)
return -ENOMEM;
if (!err)
continue;
/* fall through */
}
if (pmd_none_or_clear_bad(src_pmd))
continue;
if (copy_pte_range(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_pmd, src_pmd,
addr, next))
return -ENOMEM;
} while (dst_pmd++, src_pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
static inline int
copy_pud_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
p4d_t *dst_p4d, p4d_t *src_p4d, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end)
{
struct mm_struct *dst_mm = dst_vma->vm_mm;
struct mm_struct *src_mm = src_vma->vm_mm;
pud_t *src_pud, *dst_pud;
unsigned long next;
dst_pud = pud_alloc(dst_mm, dst_p4d, addr);
if (!dst_pud)
return -ENOMEM;
src_pud = pud_offset(src_p4d, addr);
do {
next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pud_trans_huge(*src_pud) || pud_devmap(*src_pud)) {
int err;
VM_BUG_ON_VMA(next-addr != HPAGE_PUD_SIZE, src_vma);
err = copy_huge_pud(dst_mm, src_mm,
dst_pud, src_pud, addr, src_vma);
if (err == -ENOMEM)
return -ENOMEM;
if (!err)
continue;
/* fall through */
}
if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(src_pud))
continue;
if (copy_pmd_range(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_pud, src_pud,
addr, next))
return -ENOMEM;
} while (dst_pud++, src_pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
static inline int
copy_p4d_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma,
pgd_t *dst_pgd, pgd_t *src_pgd, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long end)
{
struct mm_struct *dst_mm = dst_vma->vm_mm;
p4d_t *src_p4d, *dst_p4d;
unsigned long next;
dst_p4d = p4d_alloc(dst_mm, dst_pgd, addr);
if (!dst_p4d)
return -ENOMEM;
src_p4d = p4d_offset(src_pgd, addr);
do {
next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
if (p4d_none_or_clear_bad(src_p4d))
continue;
if (copy_pud_range(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_p4d, src_p4d,
addr, next))
return -ENOMEM;
} while (dst_p4d++, src_p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
int
copy_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *dst_vma, struct vm_area_struct *src_vma)
{
pgd_t *src_pgd, *dst_pgd;
unsigned long next;
unsigned long addr = src_vma->vm_start;
unsigned long end = src_vma->vm_end;
struct mm_struct *dst_mm = dst_vma->vm_mm;
struct mm_struct *src_mm = src_vma->vm_mm;
struct mmu_notifier_range range;
bool is_cow;
int ret;
/*
* Don't copy ptes where a page fault will fill them correctly.
* Fork becomes much lighter when there are big shared or private
* readonly mappings. The tradeoff is that copy_page_range is more
* efficient than faulting.
*/
if (!(src_vma->vm_flags & (VM_HUGETLB | VM_PFNMAP | VM_MIXEDMAP)) &&
!src_vma->anon_vma)
return 0;
if (is_vm_hugetlb_page(src_vma))
return copy_hugetlb_page_range(dst_mm, src_mm, src_vma);
if (unlikely(src_vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP)) {
/*
* We do not free on error cases below as remove_vma
* gets called on error from higher level routine
*/
ret = track_pfn_copy(src_vma);
if (ret)
return ret;
}
/*
* We need to invalidate the secondary MMU mappings only when
* there could be a permission downgrade on the ptes of the
* parent mm. And a permission downgrade will only happen if
* is_cow_mapping() returns true.
*/
is_cow = is_cow_mapping(src_vma->vm_flags);
if (is_cow) {
mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_PAGE,
0, src_vma, src_mm, addr, end);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
/*
* Disabling preemption is not needed for the write side, as
* the read side doesn't spin, but goes to the mmap_lock.
*
* Use the raw variant of the seqcount_t write API to avoid
* lockdep complaining about preemptibility.
*/
mmap_assert_write_locked(src_mm);
raw_write_seqcount_begin(&src_mm->write_protect_seq);
}
ret = 0;
dst_pgd = pgd_offset(dst_mm, addr);
src_pgd = pgd_offset(src_mm, addr);
do {
next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(src_pgd))
continue;
if (unlikely(copy_p4d_range(dst_vma, src_vma, dst_pgd, src_pgd,
addr, next))) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
break;
}
} while (dst_pgd++, src_pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
if (is_cow) {
raw_write_seqcount_end(&src_mm->write_protect_seq);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
}
return ret;
}
static unsigned long zap_pte_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, pmd_t *pmd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
struct zap_details *details)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = tlb->mm;
int force_flush = 0;
int rss[NR_MM_COUNTERS];
spinlock_t *ptl;
pte_t *start_pte;
pte_t *pte;
swp_entry_t entry;
tlb_change_page_size(tlb, PAGE_SIZE);
again:
init_rss_vec(rss);
start_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
pte = start_pte;
flush_tlb_batched_pending(mm);
arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
do {
pte_t ptent = *pte;
if (pte_none(ptent))
continue;
if (need_resched())
break;
if (pte_present(ptent)) {
struct page *page;
page = vm_normal_page(vma, addr, ptent);
if (unlikely(details) && page) {
/*
* unmap_shared_mapping_pages() wants to
* invalidate cache without truncating:
* unmap shared but keep private pages.
*/
if (details->check_mapping &&
details->check_mapping != page_rmapping(page))
continue;
}
ptent = ptep_get_and_clear_full(mm, addr, pte,
tlb->fullmm);
tlb_remove_tlb_entry(tlb, pte, addr);
if (unlikely(!page))
continue;
if (!PageAnon(page)) {
if (pte_dirty(ptent)) {
force_flush = 1;
set_page_dirty(page);
}
if (pte_young(ptent) &&
likely(!(vma->vm_flags & VM_SEQ_READ)))
mark_page_accessed(page);
}
rss[mm_counter(page)]--;
page_remove_rmap(page, false);
if (unlikely(page_mapcount(page) < 0))
print_bad_pte(vma, addr, ptent, page);
if (unlikely(__tlb_remove_page(tlb, page))) {
force_flush = 1;
addr += PAGE_SIZE;
break;
}
continue;
}
entry = pte_to_swp_entry(ptent);
if (is_device_private_entry(entry) ||
is_device_exclusive_entry(entry)) {
struct page *page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
if (unlikely(details && details->check_mapping)) {
/*
* unmap_shared_mapping_pages() wants to
* invalidate cache without truncating:
* unmap shared but keep private pages.
*/
if (details->check_mapping !=
page_rmapping(page))
continue;
}
pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
rss[mm_counter(page)]--;
if (is_device_private_entry(entry))
page_remove_rmap(page, false);
put_page(page);
continue;
}
/* If details->check_mapping, we leave swap entries. */
if (unlikely(details))
continue;
if (!non_swap_entry(entry))
rss[MM_SWAPENTS]--;
else if (is_migration_entry(entry)) {
struct page *page;
page = pfn_swap_entry_to_page(entry);
rss[mm_counter(page)]--;
}
if (unlikely(!free_swap_and_cache(entry)))
print_bad_pte(vma, addr, ptent, NULL);
pte_clear_not_present_full(mm, addr, pte, tlb->fullmm);
} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
add_mm_rss_vec(mm, rss);
arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
/* Do the actual TLB flush before dropping ptl */
if (force_flush)
tlb_flush_mmu_tlbonly(tlb);
pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, ptl);
/*
* If we forced a TLB flush (either due to running out of
* batch buffers or because we needed to flush dirty TLB
* entries before releasing the ptl), free the batched
* memory too. Restart if we didn't do everything.
*/
if (force_flush) {
force_flush = 0;
tlb_flush_mmu(tlb);
}
if (addr != end) {
cond_resched();
goto again;
}
return addr;
}
static inline unsigned long zap_pmd_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, pud_t *pud,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
struct zap_details *details)
{
pmd_t *pmd;
unsigned long next;
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
do {
next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (is_swap_pmd(*pmd) || pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) || pmd_devmap(*pmd)) {
if (next - addr != HPAGE_PMD_SIZE)
__split_huge_pmd(vma, pmd, addr, false, NULL);
else if (zap_huge_pmd(tlb, vma, pmd, addr))
goto next;
/* fall through */
} else if (details && details->single_page &&
PageTransCompound(details->single_page) &&
next - addr == HPAGE_PMD_SIZE && pmd_none(*pmd)) {
spinlock_t *ptl = pmd_lock(tlb->mm, pmd);
/*
* Take and drop THP pmd lock so that we cannot return
* prematurely, while zap_huge_pmd() has cleared *pmd,
* but not yet decremented compound_mapcount().
*/
spin_unlock(ptl);
}
/*
* Here there can be other concurrent MADV_DONTNEED or
* trans huge page faults running, and if the pmd is
* none or trans huge it can change under us. This is
* because MADV_DONTNEED holds the mmap_lock in read
* mode.
*/
if (pmd_none_or_trans_huge_or_clear_bad(pmd))
goto next;
next = zap_pte_range(tlb, vma, pmd, addr, next, details);
next:
cond_resched();
} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
return addr;
}
static inline unsigned long zap_pud_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, p4d_t *p4d,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
struct zap_details *details)
{
pud_t *pud;
unsigned long next;
pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
do {
next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pud_trans_huge(*pud) || pud_devmap(*pud)) {
if (next - addr != HPAGE_PUD_SIZE) {
mmap_assert_locked(tlb->mm);
split_huge_pud(vma, pud, addr);
} else if (zap_huge_pud(tlb, vma, pud, addr))
goto next;
/* fall through */
}
if (pud_none_or_clear_bad(pud))
continue;
next = zap_pmd_range(tlb, vma, pud, addr, next, details);
next:
cond_resched();
} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
return addr;
}
static inline unsigned long zap_p4d_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, pgd_t *pgd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
struct zap_details *details)
{
p4d_t *p4d;
unsigned long next;
p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
do {
next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
if (p4d_none_or_clear_bad(p4d))
continue;
next = zap_pud_range(tlb, vma, p4d, addr, next, details);
} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
return addr;
}
void unmap_page_range(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
struct zap_details *details)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
unsigned long next;
BUG_ON(addr >= end);
tlb_start_vma(tlb, vma);
pgd = pgd_offset(vma->vm_mm, addr);
do {
next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pgd_none_or_clear_bad(pgd))
continue;
next = zap_p4d_range(tlb, vma, pgd, addr, next, details);
} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
tlb_end_vma(tlb, vma);
}
static void unmap_single_vma(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start_addr,
unsigned long end_addr,
struct zap_details *details)
{
unsigned long start = max(vma->vm_start, start_addr);
unsigned long end;
if (start >= vma->vm_end)
return;
end = min(vma->vm_end, end_addr);
if (end <= vma->vm_start)
return;
if (vma->vm_file)
uprobe_munmap(vma, start, end);
if (unlikely(vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP))
untrack_pfn(vma, 0, 0);
if (start != end) {
if (unlikely(is_vm_hugetlb_page(vma))) {
/*
* It is undesirable to test vma->vm_file as it
* should be non-null for valid hugetlb area.
* However, vm_file will be NULL in the error
* cleanup path of mmap_region. When
* hugetlbfs ->mmap method fails,
* mmap_region() nullifies vma->vm_file
* before calling this function to clean up.
* Since no pte has actually been setup, it is
* safe to do nothing in this case.
*/
if (vma->vm_file) {
i_mmap_lock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
__unmap_hugepage_range_final(tlb, vma, start, end, NULL);
i_mmap_unlock_write(vma->vm_file->f_mapping);
}
} else
unmap_page_range(tlb, vma, start, end, details);
}
}
/**
* unmap_vmas - unmap a range of memory covered by a list of vma's
* @tlb: address of the caller's struct mmu_gather
* @vma: the starting vma
* @start_addr: virtual address at which to start unmapping
* @end_addr: virtual address at which to end unmapping
*
* Unmap all pages in the vma list.
*
* Only addresses between `start' and `end' will be unmapped.
*
* The VMA list must be sorted in ascending virtual address order.
*
* unmap_vmas() assumes that the caller will flush the whole unmapped address
* range after unmap_vmas() returns. So the only responsibility here is to
* ensure that any thus-far unmapped pages are flushed before unmap_vmas()
* drops the lock and schedules.
*/
void unmap_vmas(struct mmu_gather *tlb,
struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start_addr,
unsigned long end_addr)
{
struct mmu_notifier_range range;
mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_UNMAP, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
start_addr, end_addr);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
for ( ; vma && vma->vm_start < end_addr; vma = vma->vm_next)
unmap_single_vma(tlb, vma, start_addr, end_addr, NULL);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
}
/**
* zap_page_range - remove user pages in a given range
* @vma: vm_area_struct holding the applicable pages
* @start: starting address of pages to zap
* @size: number of bytes to zap
*
* Caller must protect the VMA list
*/
void zap_page_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long start,
unsigned long size)
{
struct mmu_notifier_range range;
struct mmu_gather tlb;
lru_add_drain();
mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
start, start + size);
tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, vma->vm_mm);
update_hiwater_rss(vma->vm_mm);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
for ( ; vma && vma->vm_start < range.end; vma = vma->vm_next)
unmap_single_vma(&tlb, vma, start, range.end, NULL);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
}
/**
* zap_page_range_single - remove user pages in a given range
* @vma: vm_area_struct holding the applicable pages
* @address: starting address of pages to zap
* @size: number of bytes to zap
* @details: details of shared cache invalidation
*
* The range must fit into one VMA.
*/
static void zap_page_range_single(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
unsigned long size, struct zap_details *details)
{
struct mmu_notifier_range range;
struct mmu_gather tlb;
lru_add_drain();
mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, vma->vm_mm,
address, address + size);
tlb_gather_mmu(&tlb, vma->vm_mm);
update_hiwater_rss(vma->vm_mm);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
unmap_single_vma(&tlb, vma, address, range.end, details);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&range);
tlb_finish_mmu(&tlb);
}
/**
* zap_vma_ptes - remove ptes mapping the vma
* @vma: vm_area_struct holding ptes to be zapped
* @address: starting address of pages to zap
* @size: number of bytes to zap
*
* This function only unmaps ptes assigned to VM_PFNMAP vmas.
*
* The entire address range must be fully contained within the vma.
*
*/
void zap_vma_ptes(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long address,
unsigned long size)
{
if (address < vma->vm_start || address + size > vma->vm_end ||
!(vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP))
return;
zap_page_range_single(vma, address, size, NULL);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(zap_vma_ptes);
static pmd_t *walk_to_pmd(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
p4d_t *p4d;
pud_t *pud;
pmd_t *pmd;
pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
p4d = p4d_alloc(mm, pgd, addr);
if (!p4d)
return NULL;
pud = pud_alloc(mm, p4d, addr);
if (!pud)
return NULL;
pmd = pmd_alloc(mm, pud, addr);
if (!pmd)
return NULL;
VM_BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*pmd));
return pmd;
}
pte_t *__get_locked_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
spinlock_t **ptl)
{
pmd_t *pmd = walk_to_pmd(mm, addr);
if (!pmd)
return NULL;
return pte_alloc_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, ptl);
}
static int validate_page_before_insert(struct page *page)
{
if (PageAnon(page) || PageSlab(page) || page_has_type(page))
return -EINVAL;
flush_dcache_page(page);
return 0;
}
static int insert_page_into_pte_locked(struct mm_struct *mm, pte_t *pte,
unsigned long addr, struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
{
if (!pte_none(*pte))
return -EBUSY;
/* Ok, finally just insert the thing.. */
get_page(page);
inc_mm_counter_fast(mm, mm_counter_file(page));
page_add_file_rmap(page, false);
set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, mk_pte(page, prot));
return 0;
}
/*
* This is the old fallback for page remapping.
*
* For historical reasons, it only allows reserved pages. Only
* old drivers should use this, and they needed to mark their
* pages reserved for the old functions anyway.
*/
static int insert_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
int retval;
pte_t *pte;
spinlock_t *ptl;
retval = validate_page_before_insert(page);
if (retval)
goto out;
retval = -ENOMEM;
pte = get_locked_pte(mm, addr, &ptl);
if (!pte)
goto out;
retval = insert_page_into_pte_locked(mm, pte, addr, page, prot);
pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
out:
return retval;
}
#ifdef pte_index
static int insert_page_in_batch_locked(struct mm_struct *mm, pte_t *pte,
unsigned long addr, struct page *page, pgprot_t prot)
{
int err;
if (!page_count(page))
return -EINVAL;
err = validate_page_before_insert(page);
if (err)
return err;
return insert_page_into_pte_locked(mm, pte, addr, page, prot);
}
/* insert_pages() amortizes the cost of spinlock operations
* when inserting pages in a loop. Arch *must* define pte_index.
*/
static int insert_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
struct page **pages, unsigned long *num, pgprot_t prot)
{
pmd_t *pmd = NULL;
pte_t *start_pte, *pte;
spinlock_t *pte_lock;
struct mm_struct *const mm = vma->vm_mm;
unsigned long curr_page_idx = 0;
unsigned long remaining_pages_total = *num;
unsigned long pages_to_write_in_pmd;
int ret;
more:
ret = -EFAULT;
pmd = walk_to_pmd(mm, addr);
if (!pmd)
goto out;
pages_to_write_in_pmd = min_t(unsigned long,
remaining_pages_total, PTRS_PER_PTE - pte_index(addr));
/* Allocate the PTE if necessary; takes PMD lock once only. */
ret = -ENOMEM;
if (pte_alloc(mm, pmd))
goto out;
while (pages_to_write_in_pmd) {
int pte_idx = 0;
const int batch_size = min_t(int, pages_to_write_in_pmd, 8);
start_pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &pte_lock);
for (pte = start_pte; pte_idx < batch_size; ++pte, ++pte_idx) {
int err = insert_page_in_batch_locked(mm, pte,
addr, pages[curr_page_idx], prot);
if (unlikely(err)) {
pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, pte_lock);
ret = err;
remaining_pages_total -= pte_idx;
goto out;
}
addr += PAGE_SIZE;
++curr_page_idx;
}
pte_unmap_unlock(start_pte, pte_lock);
pages_to_write_in_pmd -= batch_size;
remaining_pages_total -= batch_size;
}
if (remaining_pages_total)
goto more;
ret = 0;
out:
*num = remaining_pages_total;
return ret;
}
#endif /* ifdef pte_index */
/**
* vm_insert_pages - insert multiple pages into user vma, batching the pmd lock.
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target start user address of these pages
* @pages: source kernel pages
* @num: in: number of pages to map. out: number of pages that were *not*
* mapped. (0 means all pages were successfully mapped).
*
* Preferred over vm_insert_page() when inserting multiple pages.
*
* In case of error, we may have mapped a subset of the provided
* pages. It is the caller's responsibility to account for this case.
*
* The same restrictions apply as in vm_insert_page().
*/
int vm_insert_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
struct page **pages, unsigned long *num)
{
#ifdef pte_index
const unsigned long end_addr = addr + (*num * PAGE_SIZE) - 1;
if (addr < vma->vm_start || end_addr >= vma->vm_end)
return -EFAULT;
if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP)) {
BUG_ON(mmap_read_trylock(vma->vm_mm));
BUG_ON(vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP);
vma->vm_flags |= VM_MIXEDMAP;
}
/* Defer page refcount checking till we're about to map that page. */
return insert_pages(vma, addr, pages, num, vma->vm_page_prot);
#else
unsigned long idx = 0, pgcount = *num;
int err = -EINVAL;
for (; idx < pgcount; ++idx) {
err = vm_insert_page(vma, addr + (PAGE_SIZE * idx), pages[idx]);
if (err)
break;
}
*num = pgcount - idx;
return err;
#endif /* ifdef pte_index */
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_insert_pages);
/**
* vm_insert_page - insert single page into user vma
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target user address of this page
* @page: source kernel page
*
* This allows drivers to insert individual pages they've allocated
* into a user vma.
*
* The page has to be a nice clean _individual_ kernel allocation.
* If you allocate a compound page, you need to have marked it as
* such (__GFP_COMP), or manually just split the page up yourself
* (see split_page()).
*
* NOTE! Traditionally this was done with "remap_pfn_range()" which
* took an arbitrary page protection parameter. This doesn't allow
* that. Your vma protection will have to be set up correctly, which
* means that if you want a shared writable mapping, you'd better
* ask for a shared writable mapping!
*
* The page does not need to be reserved.
*
* Usually this function is called from f_op->mmap() handler
* under mm->mmap_lock write-lock, so it can change vma->vm_flags.
* Caller must set VM_MIXEDMAP on vma if it wants to call this
* function from other places, for example from page-fault handler.
*
* Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
*/
int vm_insert_page(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
struct page *page)
{
if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
return -EFAULT;
if (!page_count(page))
return -EINVAL;
if (!(vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP)) {
BUG_ON(mmap_read_trylock(vma->vm_mm));
BUG_ON(vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP);
vma->vm_flags |= VM_MIXEDMAP;
}
return insert_page(vma, addr, page, vma->vm_page_prot);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_insert_page);
/*
* __vm_map_pages - maps range of kernel pages into user vma
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @pages: pointer to array of source kernel pages
* @num: number of pages in page array
* @offset: user's requested vm_pgoff
*
* This allows drivers to map range of kernel pages into a user vma.
*
* Return: 0 on success and error code otherwise.
*/
static int __vm_map_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
unsigned long num, unsigned long offset)
{
unsigned long count = vma_pages(vma);
unsigned long uaddr = vma->vm_start;
int ret, i;
/* Fail if the user requested offset is beyond the end of the object */
if (offset >= num)
return -ENXIO;
/* Fail if the user requested size exceeds available object size */
if (count > num - offset)
return -ENXIO;
for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
ret = vm_insert_page(vma, uaddr, pages[offset + i]);
if (ret < 0)
return ret;
uaddr += PAGE_SIZE;
}
return 0;
}
/**
* vm_map_pages - maps range of kernel pages starts with non zero offset
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @pages: pointer to array of source kernel pages
* @num: number of pages in page array
*
* Maps an object consisting of @num pages, catering for the user's
* requested vm_pgoff
*
* If we fail to insert any page into the vma, the function will return
* immediately leaving any previously inserted pages present. Callers
* from the mmap handler may immediately return the error as their caller
* will destroy the vma, removing any successfully inserted pages. Other
* callers should make their own arrangements for calling unmap_region().
*
* Context: Process context. Called by mmap handlers.
* Return: 0 on success and error code otherwise.
*/
int vm_map_pages(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
unsigned long num)
{
return __vm_map_pages(vma, pages, num, vma->vm_pgoff);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_map_pages);
/**
* vm_map_pages_zero - map range of kernel pages starts with zero offset
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @pages: pointer to array of source kernel pages
* @num: number of pages in page array
*
* Similar to vm_map_pages(), except that it explicitly sets the offset
* to 0. This function is intended for the drivers that did not consider
* vm_pgoff.
*
* Context: Process context. Called by mmap handlers.
* Return: 0 on success and error code otherwise.
*/
int vm_map_pages_zero(struct vm_area_struct *vma, struct page **pages,
unsigned long num)
{
return __vm_map_pages(vma, pages, num, 0);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_map_pages_zero);
static vm_fault_t insert_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pfn_t pfn, pgprot_t prot, bool mkwrite)
{
struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
pte_t *pte, entry;
spinlock_t *ptl;
pte = get_locked_pte(mm, addr, &ptl);
if (!pte)
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
if (!pte_none(*pte)) {
if (mkwrite) {
/*
* For read faults on private mappings the PFN passed
* in may not match the PFN we have mapped if the
* mapped PFN is a writeable COW page. In the mkwrite
* case we are creating a writable PTE for a shared
* mapping and we expect the PFNs to match. If they
* don't match, we are likely racing with block
* allocation and mapping invalidation so just skip the
* update.
*/
if (pte_pfn(*pte) != pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn)) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(!is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(*pte)));
goto out_unlock;
}
entry = pte_mkyoung(*pte);
entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
if (ptep_set_access_flags(vma, addr, pte, entry, 1))
update_mmu_cache(vma, addr, pte);
}
goto out_unlock;
}
/* Ok, finally just insert the thing.. */
if (pfn_t_devmap(pfn))
entry = pte_mkdevmap(pfn_t_pte(pfn, prot));
else
entry = pte_mkspecial(pfn_t_pte(pfn, prot));
if (mkwrite) {
entry = pte_mkyoung(entry);
entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
}
set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, entry);
update_mmu_cache(vma, addr, pte); /* XXX: why not for insert_page? */
out_unlock:
pte_unmap_unlock(pte, ptl);
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
/**
* vmf_insert_pfn_prot - insert single pfn into user vma with specified pgprot
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target user address of this page
* @pfn: source kernel pfn
* @pgprot: pgprot flags for the inserted page
*
* This is exactly like vmf_insert_pfn(), except that it allows drivers
* to override pgprot on a per-page basis.
*
* This only makes sense for IO mappings, and it makes no sense for
* COW mappings. In general, using multiple vmas is preferable;
* vmf_insert_pfn_prot should only be used if using multiple VMAs is
* impractical.
*
* See vmf_insert_mixed_prot() for a discussion of the implication of using
* a value of @pgprot different from that of @vma->vm_page_prot.
*
* Context: Process context. May allocate using %GFP_KERNEL.
* Return: vm_fault_t value.
*/
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
/*
* Technically, architectures with pte_special can avoid all these
* restrictions (same for remap_pfn_range). However we would like
* consistency in testing and feature parity among all, so we should
* try to keep these invariants in place for everybody.
*/
BUG_ON(!(vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)));
BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & (VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP)) ==
(VM_PFNMAP|VM_MIXEDMAP));
BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_PFNMAP) && is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags));
BUG_ON((vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP) && pfn_valid(pfn));
if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
if (!pfn_modify_allowed(pfn, pgprot))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
track_pfn_insert(vma, &pgprot, __pfn_to_pfn_t(pfn, PFN_DEV));
return insert_pfn(vma, addr, __pfn_to_pfn_t(pfn, PFN_DEV), pgprot,
false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmf_insert_pfn_prot);
/**
* vmf_insert_pfn - insert single pfn into user vma
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target user address of this page
* @pfn: source kernel pfn
*
* Similar to vm_insert_page, this allows drivers to insert individual pages
* they've allocated into a user vma. Same comments apply.
*
* This function should only be called from a vm_ops->fault handler, and
* in that case the handler should return the result of this function.
*
* vma cannot be a COW mapping.
*
* As this is called only for pages that do not currently exist, we
* do not need to flush old virtual caches or the TLB.
*
* Context: Process context. May allocate using %GFP_KERNEL.
* Return: vm_fault_t value.
*/
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_pfn(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pfn)
{
return vmf_insert_pfn_prot(vma, addr, pfn, vma->vm_page_prot);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmf_insert_pfn);
static bool vm_mixed_ok(struct vm_area_struct *vma, pfn_t pfn)
{
/* these checks mirror the abort conditions in vm_normal_page */
if (vma->vm_flags & VM_MIXEDMAP)
return true;
if (pfn_t_devmap(pfn))
return true;
if (pfn_t_special(pfn))
return true;
if (is_zero_pfn(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn)))
return true;
return false;
}
static vm_fault_t __vm_insert_mixed(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long addr, pfn_t pfn, pgprot_t pgprot,
bool mkwrite)
{
int err;
BUG_ON(!vm_mixed_ok(vma, pfn));
if (addr < vma->vm_start || addr >= vma->vm_end)
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
track_pfn_insert(vma, &pgprot, pfn);
if (!pfn_modify_allowed(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn), pgprot))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
/*
* If we don't have pte special, then we have to use the pfn_valid()
* based VM_MIXEDMAP scheme (see vm_normal_page), and thus we *must*
* refcount the page if pfn_valid is true (hence insert_page rather
* than insert_pfn). If a zero_pfn were inserted into a VM_MIXEDMAP
* without pte special, it would there be refcounted as a normal page.
*/
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARCH_HAS_PTE_SPECIAL) &&
!pfn_t_devmap(pfn) && pfn_t_valid(pfn)) {
struct page *page;
/*
* At this point we are committed to insert_page()
* regardless of whether the caller specified flags that
* result in pfn_t_has_page() == false.
*/
page = pfn_to_page(pfn_t_to_pfn(pfn));
err = insert_page(vma, addr, page, pgprot);
} else {
return insert_pfn(vma, addr, pfn, pgprot, mkwrite);
}
if (err == -ENOMEM)
return VM_FAULT_OOM;
if (err < 0 && err != -EBUSY)
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
return VM_FAULT_NOPAGE;
}
/**
* vmf_insert_mixed_prot - insert single pfn into user vma with specified pgprot
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target user address of this page
* @pfn: source kernel pfn
* @pgprot: pgprot flags for the inserted page
*
* This is exactly like vmf_insert_mixed(), except that it allows drivers
* to override pgprot on a per-page basis.
*
* Typically this function should be used by drivers to set caching- and
* encryption bits different than those of @vma->vm_page_prot, because
* the caching- or encryption mode may not be known at mmap() time.
* This is ok as long as @vma->vm_page_prot is not used by the core vm
* to set caching and encryption bits for those vmas (except for COW pages).
* This is ensured by core vm only modifying these page table entries using
* functions that don't touch caching- or encryption bits, using pte_modify()
* if needed. (See for example mprotect()).
* Also when new page-table entries are created, this is only done using the
* fault() callback, and never using the value of vma->vm_page_prot,
* except for page-table entries that point to anonymous pages as the result
* of COW.
*
* Context: Process context. May allocate using %GFP_KERNEL.
* Return: vm_fault_t value.
*/
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_mixed_prot(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pfn_t pfn, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
return __vm_insert_mixed(vma, addr, pfn, pgprot, false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmf_insert_mixed_prot);
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_mixed(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
pfn_t pfn)
{
return __vm_insert_mixed(vma, addr, pfn, vma->vm_page_prot, false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmf_insert_mixed);
/*
* If the insertion of PTE failed because someone else already added a
* different entry in the mean time, we treat that as success as we assume
* the same entry was actually inserted.
*/
vm_fault_t vmf_insert_mixed_mkwrite(struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long addr, pfn_t pfn)
{
return __vm_insert_mixed(vma, addr, pfn, vma->vm_page_prot, true);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vmf_insert_mixed_mkwrite);
/*
* maps a range of physical memory into the requested pages. the old
* mappings are removed. any references to nonexistent pages results
* in null mappings (currently treated as "copy-on-access")
*/
static int remap_pte_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t prot)
{
pte_t *pte, *mapped_pte;
spinlock_t *ptl;
int err = 0;
mapped_pte = pte = pte_alloc_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
if (!pte)
return -ENOMEM;
arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
do {
BUG_ON(!pte_none(*pte));
if (!pfn_modify_allowed(pfn, prot)) {
err = -EACCES;
break;
}
set_pte_at(mm, addr, pte, pte_mkspecial(pfn_pte(pfn, prot)));
pfn++;
} while (pte++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
pte_unmap_unlock(mapped_pte, ptl);
return err;
}
static inline int remap_pmd_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t prot)
{
pmd_t *pmd;
unsigned long next;
int err;
pfn -= addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pmd = pmd_alloc(mm, pud, addr);
if (!pmd)
return -ENOMEM;
VM_BUG_ON(pmd_trans_huge(*pmd));
do {
next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
err = remap_pte_range(mm, pmd, addr, next,
pfn + (addr >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot);
if (err)
return err;
} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
static inline int remap_pud_range(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4d,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t prot)
{
pud_t *pud;
unsigned long next;
int err;
pfn -= addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pud = pud_alloc(mm, p4d, addr);
if (!pud)
return -ENOMEM;
do {
next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
err = remap_pmd_range(mm, pud, addr, next,
pfn + (addr >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot);
if (err)
return err;
} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
static inline int remap_p4d_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
unsigned long pfn, pgprot_t prot)
{
p4d_t *p4d;
unsigned long next;
int err;
pfn -= addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
p4d = p4d_alloc(mm, pgd, addr);
if (!p4d)
return -ENOMEM;
do {
next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
err = remap_pud_range(mm, p4d, addr, next,
pfn + (addr >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot);
if (err)
return err;
} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
/*
* Variant of remap_pfn_range that does not call track_pfn_remap. The caller
* must have pre-validated the caching bits of the pgprot_t.
*/
int remap_pfn_range_notrack(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
unsigned long next;
unsigned long end = addr + PAGE_ALIGN(size);
struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
int err;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!PAGE_ALIGNED(addr)))
return -EINVAL;
/*
* Physically remapped pages are special. Tell the
* rest of the world about it:
* VM_IO tells people not to look at these pages
* (accesses can have side effects).
* VM_PFNMAP tells the core MM that the base pages are just
* raw PFN mappings, and do not have a "struct page" associated
* with them.
* VM_DONTEXPAND
* Disable vma merging and expanding with mremap().
* VM_DONTDUMP
* Omit vma from core dump, even when VM_IO turned off.
*
* There's a horrible special case to handle copy-on-write
* behaviour that some programs depend on. We mark the "original"
* un-COW'ed pages by matching them up with "vma->vm_pgoff".
* See vm_normal_page() for details.
*/
if (is_cow_mapping(vma->vm_flags)) {
if (addr != vma->vm_start || end != vma->vm_end)
return -EINVAL;
vma->vm_pgoff = pfn;
}
vma->vm_flags |= VM_IO | VM_PFNMAP | VM_DONTEXPAND | VM_DONTDUMP;
BUG_ON(addr >= end);
pfn -= addr >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
flush_cache_range(vma, addr, end);
do {
next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
err = remap_p4d_range(mm, pgd, addr, next,
pfn + (addr >> PAGE_SHIFT), prot);
if (err)
return err;
} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
return 0;
}
/**
* remap_pfn_range - remap kernel memory to userspace
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @addr: target page aligned user address to start at
* @pfn: page frame number of kernel physical memory address
* @size: size of mapping area
* @prot: page protection flags for this mapping
*
* Note: this is only safe if the mm semaphore is held when called.
*
* Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
*/
int remap_pfn_range(struct vm_area_struct *vma, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long pfn, unsigned long size, pgprot_t prot)
{
int err;
err = track_pfn_remap(vma, &prot, pfn, addr, PAGE_ALIGN(size));
if (err)
return -EINVAL;
err = remap_pfn_range_notrack(vma, addr, pfn, size, prot);
if (err)
untrack_pfn(vma, pfn, PAGE_ALIGN(size));
return err;
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(remap_pfn_range);
/**
* vm_iomap_memory - remap memory to userspace
* @vma: user vma to map to
* @start: start of the physical memory to be mapped
* @len: size of area
*
* This is a simplified io_remap_pfn_range() for common driver use. The
* driver just needs to give us the physical memory range to be mapped,
* we'll figure out the rest from the vma information.
*
* NOTE! Some drivers might want to tweak vma->vm_page_prot first to get
* whatever write-combining details or similar.
*
* Return: %0 on success, negative error code otherwise.
*/
int vm_iomap_memory(struct vm_area_struct *vma, phys_addr_t start, unsigned long len)
{
unsigned long vm_len, pfn, pages;
/* Check that the physical memory area passed in looks valid */
if (start + len < start)
return -EINVAL;
/*
* You *really* shouldn't map things that aren't page-aligned,
* but we've historically allowed it because IO memory might
* just have smaller alignment.
*/
len += start & ~PAGE_MASK;
pfn = start >> PAGE_SHIFT;
pages = (len + ~PAGE_MASK) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
if (pfn + pages < pfn)
return -EINVAL;
/* We start the mapping 'vm_pgoff' pages into the area */
if (vma->vm_pgoff > pages)
return -EINVAL;
pfn += vma->vm_pgoff;
pages -= vma->vm_pgoff;
/* Can we fit all of the mapping? */
vm_len = vma->vm_end - vma->vm_start;
if (vm_len >> PAGE_SHIFT > pages)
return -EINVAL;
/* Ok, let it rip */
return io_remap_pfn_range(vma, vma->vm_start, pfn, vm_len, vma->vm_page_prot);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_iomap_memory);
static int apply_to_pte_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
pte_fn_t fn, void *data, bool create,
pgtbl_mod_mask *mask)
{
pte_t *pte, *mapped_pte;
int err = 0;
spinlock_t *ptl;
if (create) {
mapped_pte = pte = (mm == &init_mm) ?
pte_alloc_kernel_track(pmd, addr, mask) :
pte_alloc_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
if (!pte)
return -ENOMEM;
} else {
mapped_pte = pte = (mm == &init_mm) ?
pte_offset_kernel(pmd, addr) :
pte_offset_map_lock(mm, pmd, addr, &ptl);
}
BUG_ON(pmd_huge(*pmd));
arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode();
if (fn) {
do {
if (create || !pte_none(*pte)) {
err = fn(pte++, addr, data);
if (err)
break;
}
} while (addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end);
}
*mask |= PGTBL_PTE_MODIFIED;
arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode();
if (mm != &init_mm)
pte_unmap_unlock(mapped_pte, ptl);
return err;
}
static int apply_to_pmd_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pud_t *pud,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
pte_fn_t fn, void *data, bool create,
pgtbl_mod_mask *mask)
{
pmd_t *pmd;
unsigned long next;
int err = 0;
BUG_ON(pud_huge(*pud));
if (create) {
pmd = pmd_alloc_track(mm, pud, addr, mask);
if (!pmd)
return -ENOMEM;
} else {
pmd = pmd_offset(pud, addr);
}
do {
next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pmd_none(*pmd) && !create)
continue;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pmd_leaf(*pmd)))
return -EINVAL;
if (!pmd_none(*pmd) && WARN_ON_ONCE(pmd_bad(*pmd))) {
if (!create)
continue;
pmd_clear_bad(pmd);
}
err = apply_to_pte_range(mm, pmd, addr, next,
fn, data, create, mask);
if (err)
break;
} while (pmd++, addr = next, addr != end);
return err;
}
static int apply_to_pud_range(struct mm_struct *mm, p4d_t *p4d,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
pte_fn_t fn, void *data, bool create,
pgtbl_mod_mask *mask)
{
pud_t *pud;
unsigned long next;
int err = 0;
if (create) {
pud = pud_alloc_track(mm, p4d, addr, mask);
if (!pud)
return -ENOMEM;
} else {
pud = pud_offset(p4d, addr);
}
do {
next = pud_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pud_none(*pud) && !create)
continue;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pud_leaf(*pud)))
return -EINVAL;
if (!pud_none(*pud) && WARN_ON_ONCE(pud_bad(*pud))) {
if (!create)
continue;
pud_clear_bad(pud);
}
err = apply_to_pmd_range(mm, pud, addr, next,
fn, data, create, mask);
if (err)
break;
} while (pud++, addr = next, addr != end);
return err;
}
static int apply_to_p4d_range(struct mm_struct *mm, pgd_t *pgd,
unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
pte_fn_t fn, void *data, bool create,
pgtbl_mod_mask *mask)
{
p4d_t *p4d;
unsigned long next;
int err = 0;
if (create) {
p4d = p4d_alloc_track(mm, pgd, addr, mask);
if (!p4d)
return -ENOMEM;
} else {
p4d = p4d_offset(pgd, addr);
}
do {
next = p4d_addr_end(addr, end);
if (p4d_none(*p4d) && !create)
continue;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(p4d_leaf(*p4d)))
return -EINVAL;
if (!p4d_none(*p4d) && WARN_ON_ONCE(p4d_bad(*p4d))) {
if (!create)
continue;
p4d_clear_bad(p4d);
}
err = apply_to_pud_range(mm, p4d, addr, next,
fn, data, create, mask);
if (err)
break;
} while (p4d++, addr = next, addr != end);
return err;
}
static int __apply_to_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long size, pte_fn_t fn,
void *data, bool create)
{
pgd_t *pgd;
unsigned long start = addr, next;
unsigned long end = addr + size;
pgtbl_mod_mask mask = 0;
int err = 0;
if (WARN_ON(addr >= end))
return -EINVAL;
pgd = pgd_offset(mm, addr);
do {
next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end);
if (pgd_none(*pgd) && !create)
continue;
if (WARN_ON_ONCE(pgd_leaf(*pgd)))
return -EINVAL;
if (!pgd_none(*pgd) && WARN_ON_ONCE(pgd_bad(*pgd))) {
if (!create)
continue;
pgd_clear_bad(pgd);
}
err = apply_to_p4d_range(mm, pgd, addr, next,
fn, data, create, &mask);
if (err)
break;
} while (pgd++, addr = next, addr != end);
if (mask & ARCH_PAGE_TABLE_SYNC_MASK)
arch_sync_kernel_mappings(start, start + size);
return err;
}
/*
* Scan a region of virtual memory, filling in page tables as necessary
* and calling a provided function on each leaf page table.
*/
int apply_to_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long size, pte_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
return __apply_to_page_range(mm, addr, size, fn, data, true);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(apply_to_page_range);
/*
* Scan a region of virtual memory, calling a provided function on
* each leaf page table where it exists.
*
* Unlike apply_to_page_range, this does _not_ fill in page tables
* where they are absent.
*/
int apply_to_existing_page_range(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
unsigned long size, pte_fn_t fn, void *data)
{
return __apply_to_page_range(mm, addr, size, fn, data, false);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(apply_to_existing_page_range);
/*
* handle_pte_fault chooses page fault handler according to an entry which was
* read non-atomically. Before making any commitment, on those architectures
* or configurations (e.g. i386 with PAE) which might give a mix of unmatched
* parts, do_swap_page must check under lock before unmapping the pte and
* proceeding (but do_wp_page is only called after already making such a check;
* and do_anonymous_page can safely check later on).
*/
static inline int pte_unmap_same(struct mm_struct *mm, pmd_t *pmd,
pte_t *page_table, pte_t orig_pte)
{
int same = 1;
#if defined(CONFIG_SMP) || defined(CONFIG_PREEMPTION)
if (sizeof(pte_t) > sizeof(unsigned long)) {
spinlock_t *ptl = pte_lockptr(mm, pmd);
spin_lock(ptl);
same = pte_same(*page_table, orig_pte);
spin_unlock(ptl);
}
#endif
pte_unmap(page_table);
return same;
}
static inline bool cow_user_page(struct page *dst, struct page *src,
struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
bool ret;
void *kaddr;
void __user *uaddr;
bool locked = false;
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
unsigned long addr = vmf->address;
if (likely(src)) {
copy_user_highpage(dst, src, addr, vma);
return true;
}
/*
* If the source page was a PFN mapping, we don't have
* a "struct page" for it. We do a best-effort copy by
* just copying from the original user address. If that
* fails, we just zero-fill it. Live with it.
*/
kaddr = kmap_atomic(dst);
uaddr = (void __user *)(addr & PAGE_MASK);
/*
* On architectures with software "accessed" bits, we would
* take a double page fault, so mark it accessed here.
*/
if (arch_faults_on_old_pte() && !pte_young(vmf->orig_pte)) {
pte_t entry;
vmf->pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, vmf->pmd, addr, &vmf->ptl);
locked = true;
if (!likely(pte_same(*vmf->pte, vmf->orig_pte))) {
/*
* Other thread has already handled the fault
* and update local tlb only
*/
update_mmu_tlb(vma, addr, vmf->pte);
ret = false;
goto pte_unlock;
}
entry = pte_mkyoung(vmf->orig_pte);
if (ptep_set_access_flags(vma, addr, vmf->pte, entry, 0))
update_mmu_cache(vma, addr, vmf->pte);
}
/*
* This really shouldn't fail, because the page is there
* in the page tables. But it might just be unreadable,
* in which case we just give up and fill the result with
* zeroes.
*/
if (__copy_from_user_inatomic(kaddr, uaddr, PAGE_SIZE)) {
if (locked)
goto warn;
/* Re-validate under PTL if the page is still mapped */
vmf->pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, vmf->pmd, addr, &vmf->ptl);
locked = true;
if (!likely(pte_same(*vmf->pte, vmf->orig_pte))) {
/* The PTE changed under us, update local tlb */
update_mmu_tlb(vma, addr, vmf->pte);
ret = false;
goto pte_unlock;
}
/*
* The same page can be mapped back since last copy attempt.
* Try to copy again under PTL.
*/
if (__copy_from_user_inatomic(kaddr, uaddr, PAGE_SIZE)) {
/*
* Give a warn in case there can be some obscure
* use-case
*/
warn:
WARN_ON_ONCE(1);
clear_page(kaddr);
}
}
ret = true;
pte_unlock:
if (locked)
pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
flush_dcache_page(dst);
return ret;
}
static gfp_t __get_fault_gfp_mask(struct vm_area_struct *vma)
{
struct file *vm_file = vma->vm_file;
if (vm_file)
return mapping_gfp_mask(vm_file->f_mapping) | __GFP_FS | __GFP_IO;
/*
* Special mappings (e.g. VDSO) do not have any file so fake
* a default GFP_KERNEL for them.
*/
return GFP_KERNEL;
}
/*
* Notify the address space that the page is about to become writable so that
* it can prohibit this or wait for the page to get into an appropriate state.
*
* We do this without the lock held, so that it can sleep if it needs to.
*/
static vm_fault_t do_page_mkwrite(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
vm_fault_t ret;
struct page *page = vmf->page;
unsigned int old_flags = vmf->flags;
vmf->flags = FAULT_FLAG_WRITE|FAULT_FLAG_MKWRITE;
if (vmf->vma->vm_file &&
IS_SWAPFILE(vmf->vma->vm_file->f_mapping->host))
return VM_FAULT_SIGBUS;
ret = vmf->vma->vm_ops->page_mkwrite(vmf);
/* Restore original flags so that caller is not surprised */
vmf->flags = old_flags;
if (unlikely(ret & (VM_FAULT_ERROR | VM_FAULT_NOPAGE)))
return ret;
if (unlikely(!(ret & VM_FAULT_LOCKED))) {
lock_page(page);
if (!page->mapping) {
unlock_page(page);
return 0; /* retry */
}
ret |= VM_FAULT_LOCKED;
} else
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageLocked(page), page);
return ret;
}
/*
* Handle dirtying of a page in shared file mapping on a write fault.
*
* The function expects the page to be locked and unlocks it.
*/
static vm_fault_t fault_dirty_shared_page(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct address_space *mapping;
struct page *page = vmf->page;
bool dirtied;
bool page_mkwrite = vma->vm_ops && vma->vm_ops->page_mkwrite;
dirtied = set_page_dirty(page);
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(PageAnon(page), page);
/*
* Take a local copy of the address_space - page.mapping may be zeroed
* by truncate after unlock_page(). The address_space itself remains
* pinned by vma->vm_file's reference. We rely on unlock_page()'s
* release semantics to prevent the compiler from undoing this copying.
*/
mapping = page_rmapping(page);
unlock_page(page);
if (!page_mkwrite)
file_update_time(vma->vm_file);
/*
* Throttle page dirtying rate down to writeback speed.
*
* mapping may be NULL here because some device drivers do not
* set page.mapping but still dirty their pages
*
* Drop the mmap_lock before waiting on IO, if we can. The file
* is pinning the mapping, as per above.
*/
if ((dirtied || page_mkwrite) && mapping) {
struct file *fpin;
fpin = maybe_unlock_mmap_for_io(vmf, NULL);
balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
if (fpin) {
fput(fpin);
return VM_FAULT_RETRY;
}
}
return 0;
}
/*
* Handle write page faults for pages that can be reused in the current vma
*
* This can happen either due to the mapping being with the VM_SHARED flag,
* or due to us being the last reference standing to the page. In either
* case, all we need to do here is to mark the page as writable and update
* any related book-keeping.
*/
static inline void wp_page_reuse(struct vm_fault *vmf)
__releases(vmf->ptl)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct page *page = vmf->page;
pte_t entry;
/*
* Clear the pages cpupid information as the existing
* information potentially belongs to a now completely
* unrelated process.
*/
if (page)
page_cpupid_xchg_last(page, (1 << LAST_CPUPID_SHIFT) - 1);
flush_cache_page(vma, vmf->address, pte_pfn(vmf->orig_pte));
entry = pte_mkyoung(vmf->orig_pte);
entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
if (ptep_set_access_flags(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pte, entry, 1))
update_mmu_cache(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pte);
pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
count_vm_event(PGREUSE);
}
/*
* Handle the case of a page which we actually need to copy to a new page.
*
* Called with mmap_lock locked and the old page referenced, but
* without the ptl held.
*
* High level logic flow:
*
* - Allocate a page, copy the content of the old page to the new one.
* - Handle book keeping and accounting - cgroups, mmu-notifiers, etc.
* - Take the PTL. If the pte changed, bail out and release the allocated page
* - If the pte is still the way we remember it, update the page table and all
* relevant references. This includes dropping the reference the page-table
* held to the old page, as well as updating the rmap.
* - In any case, unlock the PTL and drop the reference we took to the old page.
*/
static vm_fault_t wp_page_copy(struct vm_fault *vmf)
{
struct vm_area_struct *vma = vmf->vma;
struct mm_struct *mm = vma->vm_mm;
struct page *old_page = vmf->page;
struct page *new_page = NULL;
pte_t entry;
int page_copied = 0;
struct mmu_notifier_range range;
if (unlikely(anon_vma_prepare(vma)))
goto oom;
if (is_zero_pfn(pte_pfn(vmf->orig_pte))) {
new_page = alloc_zeroed_user_highpage_movable(vma,
vmf->address);
if (!new_page)
goto oom;
} else {
new_page = alloc_page_vma(GFP_HIGHUSER_MOVABLE, vma,
vmf->address);
if (!new_page)
goto oom;
if (!cow_user_page(new_page, old_page, vmf)) {
/*
* COW failed, if the fault was solved by other,
* it's fine. If not, userspace would re-fault on
* the same address and we will handle the fault
* from the second attempt.
*/
put_page(new_page);
if (old_page)
put_page(old_page);
return 0;
}
}
if (mem_cgroup_charge(new_page, mm, GFP_KERNEL))
goto oom_free_new;
cgroup_throttle_swaprate(new_page, GFP_KERNEL);
__SetPageUptodate(new_page);
mmu_notifier_range_init(&range, MMU_NOTIFY_CLEAR, 0, vma, mm,
vmf->address & PAGE_MASK,
(vmf->address & PAGE_MASK) + PAGE_SIZE);
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&range);
/*
* Re-check the pte - we dropped the lock
*/
vmf->pte = pte_offset_map_lock(mm, vmf->pmd, vmf->address, &vmf->ptl);
if (likely(pte_same(*vmf->pte, vmf->orig_pte))) {
if (old_page) {
if (!PageAnon(old_page)) {
dec_mm_counter_fast(mm,
mm_counter_file(old_page));
inc_mm_counter_fast(mm, MM_ANONPAGES);
}
} else {
inc_mm_counter_fast(mm, MM_ANONPAGES);
}
flush_cache_page(vma, vmf->address, pte_pfn(vmf->orig_pte));
entry = mk_pte(new_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
entry = pte_sw_mkyoung(entry);
entry = maybe_mkwrite(pte_mkdirty(entry), vma);
/*
* Clear the pte entry and flush it first, before updating the
* pte with the new entry, to keep TLBs on different CPUs in
* sync. This code used to set the new PTE then flush TLBs, but
* that left a window where the new PTE could be loaded into
* some TLBs while the old PTE remains in others.
*/
ptep_clear_flush_notify(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pte);
page_add_new_anon_rmap(new_page, vma, vmf->address, false);
lru_cache_add_inactive_or_unevictable(new_page, vma);
/*
* We call the notify macro here because, when using secondary
* mmu page tables (such as kvm shadow page tables), we want the
* new page to be mapped directly into the secondary page table.
*/
set_pte_at_notify(mm, vmf->address, vmf->pte, entry);
update_mmu_cache(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pte);
if (old_page) {
/*
* Only after switching the pte to the new page may
* we remove the mapcount here. Otherwise another
* process may come and find the rmap count decremented
* before the pte is switched to the new page, and
* "reuse" the old page writing into it while our pte
* here still points into it and can be read by other
* threads.
*
* The critical issue is to order this
* page_remove_rmap with the ptp_clear_flush above.
* Those stores are ordered by (if nothing else,)
* the barrier present in the atomic_add_negative
* in page_remove_rmap.
*
* Then the TLB flush in ptep_clear_flush ensures that
* no process can access the old page before the
* decremented mapcount is visible. And the old page
* cannot be reused until after the decremented
* mapcount is visible. So transitively, TLBs to
* old page will be flushed before it can be reused.
*/
page_remove_rmap(old_page, false);
}
/* Free the old page.. */
new_page = old_page;
page_copied = 1;
} else {
update_mmu_tlb(vma, vmf->address, vmf->pte);
}
if (new_page)
put_page(new_page);
pte_unmap_unlock(vmf->pte, vmf->ptl);
/*
* No need to double call mmu_notifier->invalidate_range() callback as
* the above ptep_clear_flush_notify() did already call it.
*/
mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_only_end(&range);
if (old_page) {
/*
* Don't let another task, with possibly unlocked vma,
* keep the mlocked page.
*/
if (page_copied && (vma->vm_flags & VM_LOCKED)) {
lock_page(old_page); /* LRU manipulation */
if (PageMlocked(old_page))
munlock_vma_page(old_page);
unlock_page(old_page);
}
if (page_copied)
free_swap_cache(old_page);
put_page(old_page);
}
return page_copied ? VM_FAULT_WRITE : 0;
oom_free_new:
put_page(new_page);
oom:
if