| ============================= | |
| ISO7816 Serial Communications | |
| ============================= | |
| 1. Introduction | |
| =============== | |
| ISO/IEC7816 is a series of standards specifying integrated circuit cards (ICC) | |
| also known as smart cards. | |
| 2. Hardware-related considerations | |
| ================================== | |
| Some CPUs/UARTs (e.g., Microchip AT91) contain a built-in mode capable of | |
| handling communication with a smart card. | |
| For these microcontrollers, the Linux driver should be made capable of | |
| working in both modes, and proper ioctls (see later) should be made | |
| available at user-level to allow switching from one mode to the other, and | |
| vice versa. | |
| 3. Data Structures Already Available in the Kernel | |
| ================================================== | |
| The Linux kernel provides the serial_iso7816 structure (see [1]) to handle | |
| ISO7816 communications. This data structure is used to set and configure | |
| ISO7816 parameters in ioctls. | |
| Any driver for devices capable of working both as RS232 and ISO7816 should | |
| implement the iso7816_config callback in the uart_port structure. The | |
| serial_core calls iso7816_config to do the device specific part in response | |
| to TIOCGISO7816 and TIOCSISO7816 ioctls (see below). The iso7816_config | |
| callback receives a pointer to struct serial_iso7816. | |
| 4. Usage from user-level | |
| ======================== | |
| From user-level, ISO7816 configuration can be get/set using the previous | |
| ioctls. For instance, to set ISO7816 you can use the following code:: | |
| #include <linux/serial.h> | |
| /* Include definition for ISO7816 ioctls: TIOCSISO7816 and TIOCGISO7816 */ | |
| #include <sys/ioctl.h> | |
| /* Open your specific device (e.g., /dev/mydevice): */ | |
| int fd = open ("/dev/mydevice", O_RDWR); | |
| if (fd < 0) { | |
| /* Error handling. See errno. */ | |
| } | |
| struct serial_iso7816 iso7816conf; | |
| /* Reserved fields as to be zeroed */ | |
| memset(&iso7816conf, 0, sizeof(iso7816conf)); | |
| /* Enable ISO7816 mode: */ | |
| iso7816conf.flags |= SER_ISO7816_ENABLED; | |
| /* Select the protocol: */ | |
| /* T=0 */ | |
| iso7816conf.flags |= SER_ISO7816_T(0); | |
| /* or T=1 */ | |
| iso7816conf.flags |= SER_ISO7816_T(1); | |
| /* Set the guard time: */ | |
| iso7816conf.tg = 2; | |
| /* Set the clock frequency*/ | |
| iso7816conf.clk = 3571200; | |
| /* Set transmission factors: */ | |
| iso7816conf.sc_fi = 372; | |
| iso7816conf.sc_di = 1; | |
| if (ioctl(fd_usart, TIOCSISO7816, &iso7816conf) < 0) { | |
| /* Error handling. See errno. */ | |
| } | |
| /* Use read() and write() syscalls here... */ | |
| /* Close the device when finished: */ | |
| if (close (fd) < 0) { | |
| /* Error handling. See errno. */ | |
| } | |
| 5. References | |
| ============= | |
| [1] include/uapi/linux/serial.h |